Care Plans
Diabetes insipidus (DI) vs syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH)
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FUNCTIONS |
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· Stimulating water retention in kidneys · Stimulating vasoconstriction in blood vessels ADH is also known as Vasopressin |
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DIABETES INSIPIDUS |
SYNDROME OF INAPPROPRIATE ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE (SIADH) |
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Hyposecretion of ADH LOSING WATER |
Hypersecretion of ADH RETAINING WATER |
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CAUSES |
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· Brain trauma/ surgery · Damage to hypothalamus · Tumor · CNS infection (meningitis, encephalitis) |
· Small cell lung cancer · Brain trauma/ surgery · Infection (meningitis, sepsis) · Tumor |
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SYMPTOMS |
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· High urine output (up to 20L/day!) · High blood osmolality (blood is thick & concentrated) · High serum sodium (145+) · Low urine specific gravity (<1.005) · Low urine osmolality · Dry mucous membranes · Decreased skin turgor · Hypotension · Polydypsia (excessive thirst) |
· Low urine output · Low blood osmolality · Low serum sodium (<135) · High urine specific gravity (>1.030) · High urine osmolality · Weight gain (from excess fluid) · Confusion & irritability · Hypertension · Seizures |
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TREATMENT |
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· Desmopressin (DDAVP) = form of Vasopressin o Causes body to retain water & ↓ urine output · Hypotonic IV fluids |
· Loop diuretics: ↑ urine output · Vasopressin antagonists (block vasopressin) · Hypertonic saline |
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NURSING INTERVENTIONS |
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· Strict I&O · Daily weights · Monitor VS & EKG · Monitor electrolytes & urine specific gravity · Safety precautions (frequent bathroom trips= ↑ risk of falls) |
· Strict I & O · Daily weights · Fluid restriction (monitor for fluid overload) · Neuro checks · Seizure precautions o Padded siderails o Suction and O2 ready o Bed in low position |
No insights found
|
FUNCTIONS |
|
· Stimulating water retention in kidneys · Stimulating vasoconstriction in blood vessels ADH is also known as Vasopressin |
|
DIABETES INSIPIDUS |
SYNDROME OF INAPPROPRIATE ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE (SIADH) |
|
Hyposecretion of ADH LOSING WATER |
Hypersecretion of ADH RETAINING WATER |
|
CAUSES |
|
|
· Brain trauma/ surgery · Damage to hypothalamus · Tumor · CNS infection (meningitis, encephalitis) |
· Small cell lung cancer · Brain trauma/ surgery · Infection (meningitis, sepsis) · Tumor |
|
SYMPTOMS |
|
|
· High urine output (up to 20L/day!) · High blood osmolality (blood is thick & concentrated) · High serum sodium (145+) · Low urine specific gravity (<1.005) · Low urine osmolality · Dry mucous membranes · Decreased skin turgor · Hypotension · Polydypsia (excessive thirst) |
· Low urine output · Low blood osmolality · Low serum sodium (<135) · High urine specific gravity (>1.030) · High urine osmolality · Weight gain (from excess fluid) · Confusion & irritability · Hypertension · Seizures |
|
TREATMENT |
|
|
· Desmopressin (DDAVP) = form of Vasopressin o Causes body to retain water & ↓ urine output · Hypotonic IV fluids |
· Loop diuretics: ↑ urine output · Vasopressin antagonists (block vasopressin) · Hypertonic saline |
|
NURSING INTERVENTIONS |
|
|
· Strict I&O · Daily weights · Monitor VS & EKG · Monitor electrolytes & urine specific gravity · Safety precautions (frequent bathroom trips= ↑ risk of falls) |
· Strict I & O · Daily weights · Fluid restriction (monitor for fluid overload) · Neuro checks · Seizure precautions o Padded siderails o Suction and O2 ready o Bed in low position |
No insights found